In 1995, Maricopa County, Arizona (which includes the Phoenix metropolitan area) was in danger of becoming a serious non-attainment area with respect to ozone under the NAAQS. The Governor's Ozone Strategies Task Force established the Maricopa County Non-attainment Area Fuels Subcommittee, charged with recommending options for modifying the formulation of Summer gasoline consumed in Maricopa County so as to reduce ozone formation in the County.

The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) selected MathPro Inc. as the prime contractor on a study team to provide analytical support to the Subcommittee. In particular, MathPro Inc. conducted a detailed technical and economic analysis of gasoline supply to Maricopa County. The analysis encompassed (i) identifying candidate gasoline formulations and regulatory options; (ii) estimating the effects of each formulation on vehicle emissions; (iii) assessing the effects of each formulation on the gasoline distribution system serving Maricopa County, on vehicle performance, and on related factors; and (iv) analyzing the technical and economic implications of producing each gasoline formulation in the various refineries that supply Maricopa County.

Results of the analysis were accepted by the Subcommittee and informed the recommendations that the Subcommittee issued. These recommendations led to establishment of Arizona’s Cleaner Burning Gasoline (CBG) program.